5G
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September 26, 2020
In the course of evolution of RAN ( Radio Access layer) technologies 5G outsmarts 4G-2010 which comes in succession after 3G-2000 , 2.5G, 2G -1990 and 1G / PSTN -1980 respectively . Among the mosy striking features of 5G – entirely IP based ability to connect 100x more devices ( IOT favourable
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Tags: 5G
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in VoIP
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June 27, 2020
GDPR , Europe’s digital privacy legislation passed in 2018, replaces the 1995 EU Data Protection Directive. It is rules designed to give EU citizens more control over their personal data & strengthen privacy rights. It aims to simplify the regulatory environment for business and citizens.
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Tags: Privacy
Media Architecture
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June 22, 2020
To learn about the difference between centralized vs decentralised SFU vs MCU , multicast vs unicast , read – SIP conferecning and Media Bridge To read more about buildinga scalable VoIP Server Side architecture and Clustering the Servers with common cache for High availiability and prompt fai
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WebRTC Audio/Video Codecs
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May 05, 2020
Codecs signifies the media stream’s compession and decompression. For peers to have suceesfull excchange of media, they need a common set of codecs to agree upon for the session . The list codecs are sent between each other as part of offeer and answer or SDP in SIP. As WebRTC provides c
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Attacks on SIP Networks
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April 12, 2020
Major standards bodies including 3GPP, ITU-T, and ETSI have all adopted SIP as the core signalling protocol for services such as LTE , VoIP, conferencing, Video on Demand (VoD), IPTV (Internet Television), presence, and Instant Messaging (IM) etc. With the continous evolution of SIP as the defacto V
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HTTP/2 – offer/answer signaling for WebRTC call
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March 23, 2020
HTTP ( Hyper Text Transfer Protocol ) is the top application layer protocol atop the Tarnsport layer ( TCP ) and the Network layer ( IP ) HTTP/1.1 release in 1997. Since HTTP/1 allowed only 1 req at a time , HTTP/1.1 Allows one one outstanding connection on a TCP session but allowed request pieplini
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Certificates, compliances and Security in VoIP
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January 20, 2020
This article describes various Certificates and compliances, Bill and Acts on data privacy, Security and prevention of Robocalls as adopted by countries around the world pertaining to Interconnected VoIP providers, telecommunications services, wireless telephone companies , HIPPa , SOX , GDPR , COPP
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Tags: Telecom, Privacy
WebRTC APIs
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January 09, 2020
Contents Media Capture and streams Peer to peer Connection- RTCPeerConnection, RTCConfiguration, ICE, Offer/Answer, states RTP Media API RTCRtpSender RTCRtpReceiver RTCRtpTransreciver RTCDtlsTransport RTCIceCandidate ICE gathering RTCIceTransport Interface Peer-to-peer Data API Peer-to-peer DTMF Sta
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CLI/NCLI, Robocalls and STIR/SHAKEN
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January 08, 2020
To understand the need for implementing an identification verification technique in Internet protocol based network to network communication system , we need to evaluate the existing problem plaguing the VoIP setup . What is Call ID spoofing ? Vulnerability of existing interconnection phone sy
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Video Codecs – H264 , H265 , AV1
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September 16, 2019
Article discusses the popularly adopted current standards for video codecs( compression / decompression) namely MPEG2, H264, H265 and AV1
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Audio and Acoustic Signal Processing
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September 11, 2019
Audio signals are electronic representations of sound waves—longitudinal waves which travel through air, consisting of compressions and rarefactions and Audio Signal Processing focuses on the computational methods for intentionally altering auditory signals or sounds, in order to achieve a pa
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JavaScript Session Establishment Protocol (JSEP) in WebRTC handshake
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September 02, 2019
This article is aimed at explaning the intricacies and detailed offer answer flow in webrtc handshake and JSEP . You can read the following artciles on WebRTC as prereq before reading through this one WebRTC API – Peerconnection , getUserMedia , Datachannel , DataStaats JSEP (JavaScript Sessio
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Websockets as VOIP signal transport medium
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September 02, 2019
Web resources are usually build on request/response paradigm such as HTTP , SIP messages . This means that server responds only when a client requests it to. This made web intercations very slow and unsuited for VOIP signalling Long Poll involved repeated polling checks to load new server resources
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Wifi 6
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August 28, 2019
Wi‑Fi is a trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliancefamily of radio technologies commonly used for wireless local area networking (WLAN) of devices. Current and older Wifi standards standards operate on varying frequencies, deliver different bandwidth, and support different numbers of channels. 802.11a R
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Long Term Evolution (LTE), VOLTE and VOWifi
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July 09, 2019
LTE stands for Long Term Evolution and is a registered trademark owned by ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) for the wireless data communications technology and a development of the GSM/UMTS standards. Both radio and core network evolution All-IP packet-switched architecture stan
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Tags: Telecom
